Identifier: cu31924031243045 (find matches)
Title: A manual on foot care and shoe fitting for officers of the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine corps
Year: 1920 (1920s)
Authors: Mann, William Leake Folsom, Spencer Augustus, joint author
Subjects: United States. Navy United States. Marine Corps Foot Boots Footwear Shoes
Publisher: Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co
Contributing Library: Cornell University Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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etatarsal bones forming anterior arch. A shows formation of anterior arch by dit.tal ends of metatarsal bones.Note convexity of instep, dotted line indicating integrity of arch and con-cavity formed on the plane C. B shows fallen anterior arch. Note flat or convex instep, dotted line andabsence of concavity on the plane C. A tripod is formed by the structure of the foot; the apex ofwhich is the highest point of the heel bone (Os Calcis), theinner side of the ball of the foot at the base of the big toe(distal end of first metatarsal bone), and the outer side of theball of the foot at the base of the little toe (distal end of thefifth metatarsal bone). (SeeillustrationNo. 6.) A comparison of the feat of the shod man and the barefooted savage is interesting and instructive. In the shod manthe joints are not as flexible, the muscles are not as welldeveloped and the toes in walking do not spread and grip;being limited by the shoe. Taking a step he strikes the heel ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 13
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PiG. 6.—Anterior view of feet and legs showing tripod formation, correctfoot posture and position of normal ankles. 14 FOOT CARE AND SHOE FITTING first, shifts the weight to the outer border of the foot, thenfull upon the ball while the toes as above explained, are limitedin their motion. In that the shoes limit the bearing surfaceof his feet he toes out sometimes slightly, other timesexcessively, to preserve his equilibrium, thus throwing theweight borne backward on the inner border of the foot—onthe arch—where it should not all be borne. (See illustrationNo. 9.) . On the other hand, the savage has very flexible joints, well. developed muscles under the arch as are also the muscles ofthe calf of the leg. In locomotion he has his feet parallel—^thecorrect posture—or toes in throwing the weight upon theball of the foot, center of the instep and outer border of thefoot. His toes unhampered by a covering spread widely,lengthen, grip the surface, and thrust vigorously backwards.

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