Identifier: canadabritainsla00hayd (find matches)
Title: Canada, Britain's largest colony; with a chapter on Newfoundland and Labrador;
Year: 1904 (1900s)
Authors: Haydon, Arthur Lincoln, 1872-
Subjects:
Publisher: London, Cassell
Contributing Library: Robarts - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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ods itwas all surface or placer mining in the gold fields.This explains why so many claims were quicklyworked out and abandoned, the miners implementsbeing very primitive. A great deal of gold dust was then found inthe river beds, and extracted by means of thewashing pan. Nowadays hydraulic and quartz mining havegiven a fresh impetus to the industry, and many olddisused claims have been successfully reworked. In the hydraulic process a very powerful streamof water is shot into the side of the hill in whichgold has been located. As the earth and gravelare loosened they are quickly shovelled into sluiceboxes, long wooden washing machines such asshown in the illustration, where the gold is separ-ated from the earth. For quartz mining expensive machinery isrequired, the quartz having to be crushed in orderthat the gold may be reduced from it. The Mountains. Four great mountain ranges traverse BritishColumbia from north to south. The Rockies, onthe eastern boundary, have the highest peaks,
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126 CANADA. notably Mount Stephen (10,425 feet), Wind Mountain(10,400 feet), and Mount Rundle (9,798 feet).Near the last-named is the famous Rocky Moun-tains Park, which has been set apart by the Govern-ment as a national pleasure ground. Here, amongother features, are mountains, lakes, hot sulphursprings, rivers, and waterfalls, all within a limitof twenty-six miles by ten. Next come the Selkirk Range, with Mount SirDonald (10,662 feet), Mounts Bonney and SugarLoaf, and the Rogers Peak ; and the Gold orColumbia Range with lesser peaks. In the Selkirks is the great snow-iield of thelUecillewaet Glacier, the passage of which taxesthe powers of the most experienced Alpine climbers.The scenery in these snow-clad wilds, with themountains looming overhead, surpasses description. Lastly, we have the Cascade Range, with, moreto the north, the Coast Range extending intoAlaska, on the borderland of which are to be foundthe two loftiest mountains in Canada—viz. MountLogan (19,539 feet) and Mo

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