English: The equivalent circuit model of a conventional right-handed transmission line is shown in Fig. 1(a). It consists of series inductors and shunt capacitors, of which the dimensions are much less than the wavelength of the operating frequency. The equivalent circuit model of a left-handed transmission line is shown in Fig. 1(b), which is a dual of Fig. 1(a). All series inductors in the right-handed transmission line model are replaced by capacitors in the left-handed transmission line model, and all shunt capacitors are substituted by inductors. It is an ideal model, which does not exist in nature.