English: Source: Junko Sagara: "Multifunctional Infrastructure", in: Federica Ranghieri, Mikio Ishiwatari (editors): Learning from Megadisasters - Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake, World Bank Publications, Washington, DC, 2014, ISBN (paper): 978-1-4648-0153-2, ISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-0154-9, DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0153-2, Chapter 4, pp. 49-53, here: p. 51, Figure 4.4 "Evacuation stairway at the Omoto Elementary School - Source: MLIT.". License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. Context as given in the above cited source: "Evacuation stairs to expressways saved school children When Iwaizumi Town in the Iwate Prefecture was severely hit by the massive tsunami, an evacuation stairway constructed at the Omoto Elementary School two years before saved the lives of 88 children (fi gure 4.4). Because there was no escape route from the school, since it was surrounded by steep cliffs, some of the children suggested how improvements might be made during a tsunami evacuation drill. In response to their suggestions and those of local residents, a MLIT field office completed the approximately 30-meter evacuation stairway with 130 steps along Route 45, which runs right behind the school."