Identifier: farmersoffortyce01king (find matches)
Title: Farmers of forty centuries; or, Permanent agriculture in China, Korea and Japan
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors: King, F. H. (Franklin Hiram), 1848-1911 Bruce, J. Percy (Joseph Percy), b. 1861, ed
Subjects: Agriculture Agriculture Agriculture
Publisher: Emmaus, Pa., Organic Gardening Press
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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grandmotherleading in the home and shop where the cotton-seed oil was beingretailed for 22 cents, gold, per pound and the cotton-seed cake at33 cents per hundredweight. Back of the shop and living-rooms,in the mill compartment, three blindfolded water buffalo, eachworking a granite mill, were crushing and grinding the cotton-seed. Three other buffalo, for relay service, were lying at rest oreating, awaiting their turn at the ten-hour working day. Twoof the mills were horizontal granite burrs more than 4 feet in diam-eter, the upper one revolving once with each circuit made by thecow. The third mill was a pair of massive granite rollers, each 5feet in diameter and 2 feet thick, joined on a very short horizontalaxle which revolved on a circular stone plate about a verticalaxis once with each circuit of the buffalo. Two men tended thethree mills. After the cotton-seed had been twice passed throughthe mills it was steamed to render the oil fluid and more readily FUEL FOR MANUFACTURERS 129
Text Appearing After Image:
P.F.C. 130 THE FUEL PROBLEM expressed. The steamer consisted of two covered wooden hoopsprovided with screen bottoms, and in these the meal was phxcedover openings in the top of an iron kettle of boiling water fromwhich the steam was forced through the charge of meal. Eachcharge was weighed in a scoop balanced on the arm of a bambooscale, and so a uniform weight for the cakes was secured. On the ground in front of the furnace sat a boy of twelve yearssteadily feeding a fire with rice chaif with his left hand at the rate %^ 1^%^^ ^ »,w ^-^ -^^ ^ *^* ^fff*^^^**^*^ ^^^^H ili^l ^^^^H OfSSri^St-— -^^^k* j^ k^ hHHHHI ;H^H Jj^^^ ^I^I^^Phj^j;d; ^^^^^^H; kim^^mI^^Kj^j.k^m JKj^^B iSS HI— ^^ * ^M ^^M ^HHB^i •^it^iMBrf ai#t.^SiatiHBM^^^MBB^aM^ «»>mJ; -*• - ^«^^4Bh • ^«# ^-* mm ^ , . •. ^ w. . - i Fia. 61. - Cotton-stern fiiol being conveyed from the iianals to city innrkot stalls. of about thirty charges per minute, while with his right hand, andin perfect rhythm, he drew back

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