Immigrant identification card belonging to Georg Bredig, 1868-1944 (his birth year is misprinted as 1968 on the card). The identification name on the card is "Salomon J. G." for Salomon Julius Georg Bredig. "Salomon Julius" was the name given to him at birth and which he was forced to readopt in 1938 after the Third Reich implemented the Executive Order on the Law on the Alteration of Family and Personal Names. German Jews with "non-Jewish" names were required to adopt a new name, typically "Israel" for men and "Sara" for women. However, if the individual already had a Jewish birth name, they were mandated to use this on all official documentation. Georg Bredig was a German physical chemist known for his work with catalysts, reaction kinetics, and electrochemistry. In 1898 he created Bredig's Arc method, which became the preferred chemical method for preparing colloidal solutions of metals. Bredig studied with a number of notable scientists including Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932), Jacobus Henricus van’t Hoff (1852-1911), Marcellin Berthelot (1827-1907), and Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927). He taught at the Technische Hochschule, Karlsruhe from 1911 until he was forced to resign in 1933 when the National Socialist party banned Jewish people from holding academic positions. In 1940 Bredig left Germany for the Netherlands and ultimately emigrated to the United States.