English: The diagram presents the structure of the functional unit of neural networks. The functional unit of neural circuits is a hierarchical neural structure that represents a specific object, which is typically identified by a particular word. This structure can be distinguished within the human nervous system, in its higher levels located in the cerebral cortex. Within this structure, the processes of perceiving the image of a given object, memorizing the pattern of this object, and retrieving its representation from memory occur.

This structure can be stimulated both by the receptors of the image and by neurons located in speech areas, which represent the word or linguistic phrase denoting the given object. Understanding the functional unit of neural circuits is key to comprehending more complex mental operations, such as imagining a desired situation and searching for a solution.

In addition to investigating the structure of this functional unit within the field of neuroscience, one may consider its counterpart composed of artificial model neurons. Familiarity with the concept of the functional unit of neural circuits is important for understanding the current progress of artificial intelligence as well as further advancements in this field, particularly in the pursuit of creating self-aware systems.