English: Tubabao Island in Guiuan, Eastern Samar was used by the International Refugee Organization (IRO) in 1949 and 1950 to provide a temporary refuge for 5,000 Russian refugees escaping from China.

The Russians were survivors of the Bolshevik Russian Revolution of 1917 and Russian Civil War of 1919–1920, when the Tsarist autocracy was overthrown by the socialists. Some Russians managed to escape and took refuge in foreign lands.

Many of them moved to China, especially Harbin and Shanghai. Most of these refugees survived the Second World War but the communists took power in China and thus the IRO requested all countries around the world to provide accommodation to the Russians. The Philippines volunteered, and offered the Tubabao Island.

The Russian refugees later were granted to stay in the United States, Australia, Canada and South American countries. Most refugees became citizens of the countries in which they settled.