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стр. 32 HOW ANCIENT ARE THE “ANCIENT” BREEDS? Although many modern breeds look like those depicted in ancient artefacts, DNA data from today’s representatives of these so-called “ancient” breeds provide evidence that most of them have little in common genetically with their ancestors. It has long been believed that these breeds had origins dating back over a thousand years. However, only a few have a somewhat closer relationship to wolves’ genetic makeup. These breeds, for example, the shar-pei, akita inu, shiba inu, chow chow, and basenji are proved to be genetically separated from the overwhelming majority of modern breeds. In some cases (such as the pharaoh hound), the original type was extinct and later a modern breed was created from many existing variants, and the new design retained only the outward appearance of the original form, not the genetic ancestry."

стр. 33 FIRST DOG TYPES Only archaeozoological findings and information from drawings and paintings provide some hints about the emergence of the first breeds. It is very likely that there is little relationship between the dogs seen on the walls of the pyramids, or depicted in decorations of ceramics, and today’s breeds. Thus, the heavily built (“mastiff-like”) dogs used in wars by the Greeks and Romans may share their form with some breeds existing today but are probably not related genetically. The hound type is also one of the early dog forms that had existed as a reproductively isolated breed, but again the genetics of those may be different from present-day hounds originating from the Near East.