Оукен, Артур

Оукен, Артур
англ. Arthur Melvin Okun
Дата рождения	28 ноября 1928(1928-11-28)
Место рождения	Джерси-Сити, Нью-Джерси, США
Дата смерти	23 марта 1980(1980-03-23) (51 год)
Место смерти	Вашингтон, США
Страна	США
Род деятельности	экономист
Научная сфера	экономика
Место работы	Йельский университет
Альма-матер	Колумбийский университет
Научный руководитель	Артур Бёрнс
Известен как	закон Оукена
Награды и премии	действительный член Эконометрического общества (1970) член Американской статистической ассоциации

Артур Мелвин Оукен (англ. Arthur Melvin Okun; 1928—1980) — американский экономист, автор «закона Оукена». Председатель Совета экономических консультантов при президенте США в 1968—1969 годах.

Биография

Родился в Джерси-Сити в семье владельца табачной лавки Луиса Оукена и Роуз Кантор. Выпускник Колумбийского университета, где получил степень бакалавра (1949) и степень доктора философии (1956). В 1951 году женился на Сюзанне Гроссман; трое сыновей.

Преподавал в Йельском университете с 1952. Представитель неокейнсианства. Автор концепции «индекса несчастья».

Лауреат премии Ф.Сейдмана (1979).

Библиография

Работы Артура Оукена:

• The Effects of Open Inflation on Consumer Demand. Ph.D. Dissertation. Columbia University, 1956.
• The Battle against Unemployment. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. (1965, 1972 editions).
• Challenges in Sustaining Prosperity. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Labor, Manpower Administration, 1967.
• Economic Issues for the Future. Seminar on Manpower Policy and Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Labor, Manpower Administration, 1968.
• Inflation: The Problems It Creates and the Policies It Requires (with Henry M. Fowler and Milton Gilbert). New York: New York University Press, 1970.
• The Political Economy of Prosperity. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1970.
• Equality and Efficiency: The Big Tradeoff. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1975.
• Curing Chronic Inflation (coeditor with George L. Perry). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1978.
• Current Issues in Political Economy (with Robert Solomon). Toronto, Ontario: Ontario Economic Council, 1979.
• Prices and Quantities: A Macroeconomic Analysis. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1981.

• "A Further Note on the Theory of Inflation, " Review of Economic Studies, vol. 21 (1954).
• «A Review of Some Economic Forecasts for 1955-57,» Journal of Business, vol. 32 (July 1959).
• "On the Appraisal of Cyclical Turning-Point Predictors, " Journal of Business, vol. 33 (April 1960).
• "The Predictive Value of Surveys of Business Intention, " American Economic Review, vol. 52 (May 1962, Papers and Proceedings, 1961).
• "Money and Business Cycles, Comment, " The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 45 (February 1963 Supplement).
• «Invited Dissertations, I,» Discussion, in American Economic Review, vol. 54 (May 1964, Papers and Proceedings, 1963).
• «Introduction» and "The Gap between Actual and Potential Output, " in Arthur M. Okun, ed., The Battle against Unemployment. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1965.
• "The Role of Aggregate Demand in Alleviating Unemployment, " in William G. Bowen and Frederick H. Harbison, eds., Unemployment in a Prosperous Economy. Report of 1st Princeton Manpower Symposium, May 13-14, 1965. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965.
• "The Gap between Actual and Potential Output, " in Edmund S. Phelps, ed., Problems of the Modern Economy. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1966.
• "Monetary Policy, Debt Management, and Interest Rates: A Quantitative Appraisal, " in Donald D. Hester and James Tobin, eds., Financial Markets and Economic Activity. New York: Wiley, 1967.
• «The Treatment of Government Lending and Borrowing in the Federal Budget» — Comments in «Proceedings of a Conference Sponsored Jointly by the President’s Commission on Budget Concepts and the Brookings Institution, July 31-August 1, 1967,» in Staff Papers and Other Materials Reviewed by the President’s Commission. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1967.
• "Budget Treatment of Federal Lending and Borrowing — Comment, " in Wilfred Lewis Jr., ed., Budget Concepts for Economic Analysis. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1968.
• "Measuring the Impact of the 1964 Tax Reduction, " in Walter W. Heller, ed., Perspectives on Economic Growth. New York: Random House, 1968. Reprinted in Warren L. Smith and Ronald L. Teigen, eds., Readings in Money, National Income, and Stabilization Policy, revised edition, Homewood, IL: Irwin, 1970; and in Norman F. Keiser, ed., Readings in Macroeconomics: Theory, Evidence and Policy, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1970.
• "The Formulation of National Economic Policy, " in Warren L. Smith and Ronald L. Teigen, eds., Readings in Money, National Income, and Stabilization Policy. Revised Edition. Homewood, IL: Irwin, 1970.
• «The Full Employment Surplus Revisited» (with Nancy H. Teeters), Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 1: 1970.
• "Inflation: The Problems and Prospects before Us, " in Inflation: The Problems It Creates and the Policies It Requires (with Henry M. Fowler and Milton Gilbert). New York: New York University Press, 1970. Brookings Reprint 182.
• «Notes and Numbers on the Profits Squeeze» (with George L. Perry), Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 3: 1970.
• "Prosperity without Inflation: Highlights of the Political Economy of Prosperity, " Brookings Research Report, vol. 102. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1970.
• «Have Fiscal and/or Monetary Policies Failed?» American Economic Review, vol. 62 (May 1972, Papers and Proceedings, 1971).
• "The Mirage of Steady Inflation, " Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 2:1971.
• «The Personal Tax Surcharge and Consumer Demand, 1968-70,» Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 1: 1971.
• "Rules and Roles for Fiscal and Monetary Policy, " in James J. Diamond, ed., Issues in Fiscal and Monetary Policy The Eclectic Economist Views the Controversy. Chicago: DePaul University Press, 1971. Reprinted in Lloyd G. Reynolds, George D. Green, and Darrell R. Lewis, eds., Current Issues of Economic Policy, Homewood, IL: Irwin, 1973. Brookings Reprint 222.
• "Introduction, " "The Costs of Inflation, " and "The Fiscal Fiasco of the Vietnam Period, " in Arthur M. Okun, ed., The Battle against Unemployment. Revised Edition. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1972.
• "Fiscal-Monetary Activism : Some Analytical Issues, " Brookings Papers of Economic Activity. 1: 1972.
• "Measuring the Impact of the 1964 Tax Reduction, " in Martin Schnitzer and Yung-Ping Chen, eds., Public Finance and Public Policy Issues. Scranton: Intext Educational, 1972.
• "Political Economy: Some Lessons of Recent Experience, " Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, vol. 4 (February 1972, Part I). Brookings Reprint 236.
• "Wage-Price Guideposts-Yes, " in Royall Brandis and Steven R. Cox, eds., Current Economic Problems: A Book of Readings. Homewood, IL: Irwin, 1972.
• "Comments on Stigler’s Paper [Micropolitics and Macroeconomics], " American Economic Review, vol. 63 (May 1973, Papers and Proceedings, 1972).
• "Upward Mobility in a High-Pressure Economy, " Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 1 :1973.
• "Income, Inflation and the Policy Alternatives, " The Economists' Conference on Inflation, Report, vol. 2. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1974.
• "Three Pitfalls for Presidential Advisors, " Monthly Labor Review, vol. 97 (March 1974).
• «Unemployment and Output in 1974,» Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 2: 1974.
• "A Postmortem of the 1974 Recession, " Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 1:1975.
• "Inflation: Its Mechanics and Welfare Cost, " Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 2:1975.
• "On Friedman’s and Schwartz' Money and Business Cycles, " The State of Monetary Economics. A Conference of the Universities-National Bureau Committee for Economic Research. New York: Arno Press, 1975.
• "Uses of Models for Policy Formulation, " in Gary Fromm and Lawrence R. Klein, eds., The Brookings Model: Perspective and Recent Developments. New York: American Elsevier, 1975.
• "What’s Wrong with the U.S. Economy? Diagnosis and Prescription, " Quarterly Review of Economics and Business, vol. 15 (Summer 1975).
• "Conflicting National Goals, " in Eli Ginzberg, ed., Jobs For Americans. The American Assembly, Columbia University. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Spectrum, 1976. Brookings Reprint 320.
• "Consensus and Controversy in Political Economy, " in Ryan C. Amacher, Robert D. Tollison, and Thomas D. Willett, eds., The Economic Approach to Public Policy: Selected Readings. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1976.
• "The Economist and Presidential Leadership, " in Ryan C. Amacher, Robert D. Tollison, and Thomas D. Willett, eds., The Economic Approach to Public Policy: Selected Readings. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1976.
• "Inflation Adjustment for the Individual Income Tax, " comment, in Henry J. Aaron, ed., Inflation and the Income Tax. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1976.
• "Did 1968 Surcharge Really Work — Comment, " American Economic Review, vol. 67 (March 1977).
• "Further Thoughts on Equality and Efficiency, " in Colin D. Campbell, ed., Income Redistribution. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1977. Brookings Reprint 325.
• «Business and the Social Order» (with H.M. Williams and M. Olasky), Columbia Journal of World Business, vol. 13 (Winter 1978).
• "Capitalism and Democracy: Some Unifying Principles, " Columbia Journal of World Business, vol. 13 (Winter 1978).
• «Effectiveness of Monetary, Fiscal, and Other Policy Techniques: Competing Means» (with Robert J. Gordon and C.C. Holt), American Economic Review, vol. 68 (May 1978, Papers and Proceedings, 1977).
• "Efficient Disinflationary Policies, " American Economic Review, vol. 68 (May 1978, Papers and Proceedings, 1977).
• «A Reward TIP,» in David C. Colander, ed., Solutions to Inflation. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1979.
• "Rational-Expectations-with-Misperceptions as a Theory of the Business Cycle, " Journal of Money, Credit & Banking, vol. 12 (Part 2), (November 1980). Brookings Reprint 376.
• "Postwar Macroeconomics: The Evolution of Events and Ideas, " comment in Martin S. Feldstein, ed., The American Economy in Transition. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1981.

Литература

• Блауг М. Оукен, Артур // 100 великих экономистов после Кейнса = Great Economists since Keynes: An introduction to the lives & works of one hundred great economists of the past. — СПб.: Экономикус, 2009. — С. 225—227. — 384 с. — (Библиотека «Экономической школы», вып. 42). — 1500 экз. — ISBN 978-5-903816-03-3.
• Arthur M. Okun (англ.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Дата обращения: 8 июня 2014.

Ссылки

• Биография А.Оукена Архивная копия от 10 мая 2006 на Wayback Machine